Immunity

Canine Leptospirosis Vaccination Decisions: Endemic Spread and Risk-Based Choices

Canine Leptospirosis Vaccination Decisions: Endemic Spread and Risk-Based Choices

Leptospirosis a zoonotic bacterial disease that affects many species, including dogs. The infection can cause mild flu-like symptoms or can turn into a life-threatening disease. Leptospirosis responds well to antibiotics—if treatment starts early. The real problem is recognizing it in time. Early symptoms often look like a mild flu—lethargy, poor appetite, vomiting—so diagnosis is frequently delayed. By then, the bacteria…

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Types of Canine Splenic Tumors: Are Splenic Tumors Always Malignant?

Types of Canine Splenic Tumors: Are Splenic Tumors Always Malignant?

Masses in the spleen occur primarily in middle-aged to older dogs. Splenic masses often consist of only benign hematomas or fibrous nodules. However, these masses can sometimes be highly malignant forms of cancer, especially vascular cancer known as hemangiosarcoma. The spleen The spleen is a highly vascular organ that sits on the left, in front of the abdomen. It functions…

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Dog Health and Vaccines: Problems With Canine Over-Vaccination

Dog Health and Vaccines: Problems With Canine Over-Vaccination

First and foremost, vaccinations are an important component of health care, prevention, and wellness for your dog. I am, by no means, recommending not vaccinating your dog. It is vitally important to vaccinate appropriately. For the core vaccines of distemper, parvo, adenovirus (together called DAP), and rabies, appropriate vaccination is as young puppies not before nine weeks of age and…

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