@font-face{font-family:social-logos;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(data:font/woff2;base64,d09GMgABAAAAACQgAAsAAAAARIgAACPRAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAHFQGYACLYArqeNNLC4EWAAE2AiQDgigEIAWERgeGPBuCN1UHctg4ALbG9NgoyvIoR1EuKFn2/4cEbgxB37B6AgsQ4URDNMpWLE5nLNjRzd2ioJNl/2M4feg9n5/5ZjTYFqvFqdCrriZFRAXrXU31ljtCY5/kwlOt+b3JbpLPRPIfAKhjIQnKn5EEmsnhdG36gI6pKScOiUMgoVa+lGo7pbVh97ZlzLBtwYjdjjzmlBMMU4m/+v8n56wcGghbYYbyz7NDH15K4dGPuuzTa6WWBnZ5JpNMPgHYVpEyB+W1V1qt1JLHDhyYBjZZCn8ASjYCIGzbW1nG0IwNXNAWvgR2Z5DhaW39m5ndmdnZnd3JLRa2iSXcXdKCLegTFljKoowv+qUUixMwEw+8Am0sVEy8E6wEvSjryo6rK9W0JUQFKKQApUqyi8YunbsWtyCouwPAJ454CSTIDwRf8w8lBkXSCe/MyiEpdO6+8nzpSNKJhLNCTp1T6lyUHpd2U7nuYmrawvQQh59a2t7MuwpYGoCVWjUWwaie/Qk1sFjWNWNYQHdTZxSFnfueRXk1WECJO/AsD//qAx/D+aheP9pCUHnsCAZGBHs9fEOvU0vEbKf7d5LBpQdB7uPyZrvZtIawrg2CkpMhl/q6Zt5ffhiX3QMV24/8uBg+w4dw2Kzs3B5ez1WrF7MWicze5uBSvA/eD+8ABOK+1fUj3aycFegOdlBR1xzFsSiSxwWtFS6ekJQykqlnvcTLvPvPlSup1VYv/2NBmAg9zcpQJpOZMhXc6C7OVjWMDRgzBdOWrbR68lqb7f7f4oFDJs2wYnnadciSK4axNqMCbCWJ4Klo3kiVrVSJOAPGdUsXZCFFlWaRRHLEslGhXg8DItActeoyZEyfBPkyFGrUpFMYRCJTgUq16vQb1MLHHCbA5MRxlM45hPFbC0s4WQfJWY60LGI4K1CcdZGX9dCelejIErKyCrlZHzFZjaKsQVs2wGg2RCBrUZMwJCWAiMRBb8IRnQiMJC5SEw/ZCaE0sShJIsQlMQaSBONJiu4kQ3qSI5gUKE9KpCRDVCUjNCcTRCZTxOdZ5OQliM3LUJ13j4pCGeoL5ehJGcy4wk0d+FOOqFSgIXXRmnroSiWGUsJYatGXtkhIR8hPx8hIJyhMp2hMZ2hK5+hMFwhLlwhPV0hM18hMNyhIt6hMd8Ok+2HSA/rTIwbTE1rSM3zpZYqyF5joDp8+/M0lLIkH3PqWtvus1WE+D8gnjvc5cqzhdN7BGYbt/TB/EyB1V58581HY9noRKPowvkhQ/ejSXgCV1jGug+/ksbMc1IkURvEs7ep57Pu1wvMrbXRUPokROfLPZ0SDZs6Qv9ke4bAk7XwiFiS5C55LQ2rRmGyEX15/mKbRptT9qqo5WoS+r7VtbYH2gAipsOLQGEM4qeWAym47z16bIjOdT12ELfkvu0Oivj+rBskqVGoUN83q95cqVIEOAmMCGxVJVCAqI1H9tLUo0BRvtR1NBkR+Sb5J6kZN+C/lKlps27a/6CTZxkyFuyGj3Si/dOE0i7S4pJaWLXJKTCOYw/ViNSjO/SXAwc8GYD0oO9axh0MQIaRw7j8ixrJYe1CjQFBKbVx+h/XZ2Ac2PSXmzeC61gso/AC0EqGpXJatK1Ceiw0eY23pBovQsQ2OEBOE7yQDQOTKrM5c9/mbmJD+iMsi2l5fKOYkTCcZVRpAiaBmZbvxZkrFnjcH42LfvhWKNHNQ+azGum3T6dCgjnC901e7J8RU0wlyIU3lXGqpmypmtsQYYhNA+YIRNNCgEGeySnVhkazFuva5KkJjqsmE4tS96LG21lLiPyCAJQbtOaidY4zrwwXCybQixJzsAiifEONSi7H2KsRrhTio7Acn+B2KBGWWBamTyHoygK4dHBoSrGR2sBadLRFqz+GfntpBudx28vFsqeaWqKum3QmbDKvRbZo9PR2FPg4ENkmvVucF90tO0rxpcWHf8jrwxGsaUYpY7IyQIokfe+IBRLN2Vpbj5MnH+0/wEVTpj1dlQcBsphuaZ2TmvQ0gF3ivrQvTZZne6tkCtW26RWE2JXd+5KS7vc0VeqSei9NM5+u7gyLrJUv3H/L89mBxbuP80cNBeC6OzJPMUscOnryzpHNaPbHyp0jqX75QJ381lz9Pe36SnteDzfPN7ntbF+jtZUunxCRBzB8VvdsPlTjdTMzoYDQblws5vbsZBTH7Jra0HDjWDB1TWzJ6R0bxu0n8tnzn3eStOHprCcUJA5nYliI3ZTLMAcLsPmvxKx1inKOWavxQ51VDrbU40twL+aPJ6uzlyPm5pn/6DHnj4yFgIKDmxDCGsLaIOIdR8+ktUF/8Ii2NxQp9Ogj5WPdJ/1rkmEwiJn10l2P3vmAxjgMjKymSxjwI2Wz1iaXv3/4EPzwn+flhp82SpG49LIb5XipxofC1zVxsVt2jHkk3V0oi8/PnKNTZWQK9T09fKNJtOjVzNcPSZqKVaeZrzEjNNaypRchcEJIYsVnBRzosWTL0Ldqx+xZ9zpouDE2J4WjGiABxCSfputllLj8dnHN0XF/mUqu592KM3IRa7ZUIAnwk9UxkU+00ghJw4enDJgDY2uNUKQ4+EDDMMTC8E5VqXoMSHrwgCSNCxUITIY6KXIcc2IG7U3ZwRx5wsYy092dz9cuHHenjHYqwVpa9KDJEEBhIBftIzh9qcZgK0H8qGGFEEAFyrs7VMzU/YLSF22SC9EAgYElEsHDOWRPPfoJPX3DxFqQ4TYkGNdhqW9feo5C4DGhWy7fdZlk6mUyryjTNvCj+n+ezur5Plx5kXr1QeR3pmZqbadpKbR29bIOEULGV6cGqGFOr+Xi2zEPOx16JwavdWFlxEwo2dUamlpjWZNyzq8zgJEoxrpN6VwBQhBi2Qog9ECHy2HdhUOWu/d4y2Yfdy2aJ0jaPzGYyH9/+NFI7x/pwkV47GjpHaepEGM3FXEKFq9iWlDiHMLqYqwjaAy6qUWteI2gz4muqvNdjmq2BQ/BZKQyEv47YsBgToWTUtCmDhUZn7o/yiOkBlL8UJc7aV2Nqx3mI3d0cViOFro/oUctr7nvAqr1RcyKK/sWQ+Py8jgxjIhAzRTRQer5kLs3RNWN6ldhMN9ONVs+21PY8xll0LVxDBJ6DG2H5VHjHDJwgy7rWBvUDB8V7QGJJ1vRffyFvrAjkGDkxCmzvzr27oM7O4siW/Amv6VPWeyFDwx53RjwbnJNhG9TNH/S5z9Le74mRpV3FTOB+O1k+7ywcnGXr4eLYB/LoxWDY+YeNW7v902fnNk5/Pr3z5Z2zXx7xsTlSAGjA43Kd7aRwzT30twEVc8QIERqpdpbqrwZlJ0N2J92JJxb6BXmaotlVNQblAnmNOdEP3OctPoHMj5ELrPNotFD+P8JbyI5s17HURZPioqtcbFztHJOC8/nDubh60xkL49JOx9K5XkT0ItCwKLXn5XbhzYNTxzwj3qkIWNU1vxLwMerjpmcQUA5KXgqF2jm+C1oGAatC39VzX0Pea7k66jqWH+vDDrUZOr3JiHJfv0O3tucHcT7bbzcmVVPk3JcWLeacCAX3HmtqLUPOMe0996GaZGWdF/NqOmnLerY1n+8xN2GQti3WvBLNPNI/3Gy8dTKi5eHiP9eO9g52t3v5jO99jOxkP0mCsMQo5REKbhrgwwlvwjh0B+AYIyKVt9aeDP/y/B4Inx0WempGWZiAJ7NYz2ZqPjfTKTKjKGIBcb049+9asI5Sjya2ABkePcRsedtYbArDiKcTJq7mzXYEiV3B6pJgg/Xagw0eGYbNtqT2qVlPAGMdVAIEnrmqMRXCOyM0aPF/5/ddq9cMDXPdAtQXuift1Vw3/MsYMlbnv5rLK3rg9eUJJ7isfslLHASUL1ZnO6C+/DUOT3NadJQDL5StYul0zxzMIRS517ReAhUEcy6E4CMeMw7h8otzFUi4xziaYu15MrYXBsiXmiZBcelcq2S+WuQN4rGlDpdKdFhsO0AJ/cUua6vpFVyqOaXOBHB0nVWGEeFJfHcFL59BwXtMj1yOMT3PSJhsGsToEz2A+TVtpoKIioesTQfWssnQDZlDUlvaJcqX9CVJOLPmHg+0FxKoTSEa9OoHz5e8D4ExEyBAan1G+nabIU5tswljGbUU+KjDnGOMAiIjs5QIMx7IsCwSDVhJoMW9CWyCUcreW/bXs5bz6gISAJPZlCHptiab3bRjNc+huKiCi1INWxeVQfuBCbKTOnP7qh9MZGtmME4PGrtOGHLMEMpgh4qR1ZMrOggLkJ96IblhXCu2lh9H1gdxZ9y5vhWrzwZ18+B0BZp7s0f2BVSyH/663aV2nUszm7ZAn8UbXckPg3ooDgSItV9h9QeopJD4tUJYboGRE3k579nN6V4RADAFMEicPxWgZh6OoWdJLQ4Sstrk7Cd94ladZwfxKPoiydKHCC3s81B6ZE4AVCP/GoE6jtBkGlFxKh341GSE5KwUJS/vWD5etmEWu7DExdKEDA6ltXH5Jxh0SYcFgYo5Vg/KdnP4bbH/3YRm7e3BNzUztbpr7nbdUT7+BGP91CKC083HhJiD1Xm/6OWRrfNmRIyeqGvQZ4K0wEFTUhVbhrAbrXg5zcp6lhcNIcgewfIcWCPI5VCHtdsFZ1CRMLpsU8B6EAIf68dwlp0hpx+6ercPEyoR5ttz+NH6vZh/ghszLD+Ky+Me5LsHR5uLxEqB+YYucQUqI1czVpLaNZVfbhK/itqS9+tDAAPW6KPZABGUMseq2z7oGn5JqgsyDOQWVYIMFkYpblEbJpMPiE/OlUFklXwI0VN4Wa4XWbe06duB3y+zbv3D2KYT9vLZ06Hlbkrcw9M5Mk/O790GCFernSIXg1IvMSO05074oZJjPheuGvqiYcu6pWTLyNp/AFR95yDYlvmzQhESAIAYxxClGiGli46lQknYuMM5yjperQ05FjuO562tEmZCGNr9v+DjUYUxUPhK2Bdo/Y/+UvpCsoX1gD87F835TbZJzC1RYE1vvby3Zn8FJwLPpUM2RgXXpX3vQTnfjS55nHUwyzL+7ykhUE27JB97HkTRx1lLAaO6l19YfTBXX/5KzNHH1xDVJ5b67BO9crE128f6cPGfLjsnORv15K/w54ZntiHw3uXzwaZd5th0qDlocbMFI9KuC61J0+8jM0iKF4N/PecuUFjPPTyW0d6jkKSfD5MspjyOB5jqpu1j/V2HjIyzmMbyHq59IMPdD3yxeDBFdqLmloq+gb0ljhIcR0TGJOEJiTFeSF4dEYe4iKx30M7B+xjfHrCMLEqpRbwIcW0BqWJyMCKGiCMghHq0I4inXzP1Osy26sUm9CNe/YuCXfxkadQYp30rJWSYPC6IGMorI+yvrksDBtcPhyMpI2WAVR/Ewo0FKIIj+edX7FlMvEvC4QeUIlKIF6WObtMEutVbaUbX42ZMUQJbdDKth0D39N8AjFBjXLSRbgLCswIEC4iZeKbsDlYt6i07MzFGI6oWaSK49zSwO+W/YmWjhhF+qCKHyIF51I/HGA/nYbBTAMIhCKzrIuEd7LP2L774AUAQDoFuw9TnPjBfmFxG1MQKsRZpC5oFAQiFIWwYS66jx5NUj8SYoIBgFILytqCsDuakHZEdUsVmUPy7hD03SbF77fVvpJKGDyYifb17qOgQIYwpqxLoTEansLE8BhNfEJtDl4OxpOgc71e+kiWTn05R1T4tVKddy5d40fS8RAm2Jl8B20UlCbIEoHskAK0TAk7HsGYrYuWypB3uT2XDOMTKRaELVviFoNPEdWgIWieeVjAxR1gnrhPOS4FDswRuJFIQiUVRIeLZrBJ4cI+gXHZZ8h7ihni3+AbRSfCVV94UW4YhiQIst4wAsNsZBdvK2jhnPf9AGFxa1amJT41tbIwtjA9vqypzKThSHSrMjVOU+nb1I+PY3zYPnw4pxhc19sPzPNL7Z8tKsLgc0xCFCOMUIOErYK7J0KP66nSazY6q3oi2p6lqfk5swU2v/WbBnPb2Eemt8IaCxVCPjFxm4K9/2jGALnUuEyeE7iXX6g0dMq/1LnPX6pV1GPRryb2hCeJlzqXkwKgW6d4wU51kp9G2SbrJZtwpqTOF7ZW2vHVIPZjH34251dL11oJ/Xrx8FRPH83ExgsuHd34yOHjp0omnDuVYs6w5h05NlGWC8eFX48TPVM/kNF1h23PVc/kLPQOlNDQqPcpGT/NsS6po6i11383R1B4d8wG8rVcqzpjl5YaPn15SOxpVpU6K/1b8kVRnuKfN+N/d1IEjqWnST5KsYdmWvJYBi1IHlbb3tzO9oPlmalhQ6oDUBm5aUsMRWw4WHLRdKSw1xjKJSg0VHtRIcOfDJ+LbHmmL1HN7xcsazuLrXA62Ms2MN6IChRdGO0eslBKCWC+aDElUCM8WCxlzia6hD6vGQDNjaFQatF0vThVoTVqNokWOr2zQUuIluMLo9i849aJLa1A2gpRjsTVO513AxeOYhBe6dHN9XXmhPqU3JKA+xHsxNK9ycHFq5VjTr6UYIsnMqYSnIghqypQIhZwrz5Tc6KPWuAkxZYsqMyY5k00+Jfccno1TBcw30uKyYkRaVB1YOGPex9Wzi2UV6Ulxbf8IbjlE883xowmd5njM3bTVXb2QW5FpbBTJJtGctscCO7lzCyiPW55jX1rCwzIywsKyLXGjY2NHx1k8rupql+koyahptV6tJ0HWN3SnxCA5brg6NvdMp3sgetVwnP+SdIKfmfmS/ETRdUm1bqXBkR4qTjIqFFMTvvRzIG4kSpArRAU+QRiSCGdAkYhJ6DR2AWgz4kEqEA8MZpuLwovmF4YXLrgdfrtg3oLwBYVh4eHhoHhDU1Mi5etgvCcWhvFgzT7PGPYGm+cJNz/JXhtTN5a9xOYZnNk2u8efpwsKfJSvsbEmy+a8ChngyBBGwvJ9yHwTHJdooMB6JwJwn5EB23oqa9S+pp8C9OxlDiUGCYTepq2/P/tta5NXKBhEoNxlVh/wU9NUyojYhSMinMGKfEAzo6k1DWc51hXsYrkAd85RY0cgfnUW+lk0yTimGw/KNuTgqCop1zZ1nHVcndIwf+ovof9F/Bd+Y7u/vdtfVWvvjPtg4B7HMcuxhhs3FighNaSuy8U07ABOKN9RGEJRLCVjZNvGUuDMzgGJfv+rP/M+lHNZXCznb9PrbJf4kpNGfW+UhIMzz7VtrztGE/HE6I7XbfHbV/n9Wd94MJ90kPPB+D7HtqfMv7D/DfXle937L3XVlWSjKI8uUefDYx86Ga+fhaNTJXVgghe0Qt2tkSV5LXb3Ma77xlSvfonwaEc3d8ljX5hnjvR1U60gmmwlM33Yetl6aaustQFroTyyEmuVlu5bD/buD4FhFALBytHEIPjRB8ISKGxtE3gzGUYvoR2DIL/kaLFBPQ+CYbU49sIYWELnSZ32rWw3Nz06xiJ+dVdk1+pgR3RpiVkNI2zJ2sn7bkWDB4vqVfV7Jbc/Wxy/8jGhEj8h4hd/LpM4LvEqjprOWlW8fgFS+tmSeOKxWEVklJSS/GUehNAebBEmuIW45d73aAu27Gt9hf5f/CjVTe2gOuZO10eRfJwi2UxGGyp0MihIJFYur1CCn+/vEk+IdVxemmvLhuCFrDkHmqVZM7JzE6cNHsaEkK29b8+2SzZUlTiRE7/2Odb8QWP9MP2bNyhMJ5IzwwZPS8zNnlEQxH5RVPQFS8dwCap41qgwKA0KIxuvSuBiwPJtjrUH29ng3pUXIQS8MnAlzFVxYWh5VLm4NqoWmNE73XnsO0rDPhh0w4PhYxTs0fuEQb6BiOEFEo68MMAemO5DwvSp/qkWcCYw2GU0O4K1U1wGnpSgW1yPdLqLeer2Lluw2eE0RlRY3MmGWhWN0tf0XjOzN6lcpRfqzxkQ8n19gtW+WO76GB6K1OsVyTp4+qQTMA3thNWj7m6G7BT6hrLDB95SHFJ8ChbCp4oRAVhj1PVNMMZo3T9noG7tV2jGtXHZxSBLFSCPh2hIjSCDiNvKPmJQG8e170zPrEIegmA/GBEhcgxiwIHPwPsrfHv0gqbCz45u1Sm5oasP8tTO8XMrY2Z01bycsh+0MobPZy5RscZvnYgNohPLCCaAkWuz/bU/yCW3Q+VD6pgdBCmkRAoz81G4UKyCKNA8a8OQtTFppPJ/I6K3fU8xJzDoeJg89AnHY2QvPV3mdCh3iujJKvklpeo2j2dG0VA4rO/6WcYZctW8wWFBrjMizDxpyD6ehWu7qFLVT33+s6jPzquVHGINtiLByjaTU6rtsuuo3Q90D3ZTvMwXgJ2S8ZK5/6VE+z7MzZp7OzG5vzqsuEe/fr2Ut0fxxGqsii0r/P7JCscE+PPol+3/Pfz3s0fXV/Ffi8hW935v75YiU7NQPN4oYiF+XRa6tkCg/q/yevLI5u+Liq9FJeAP76XpyWeunw49kAKGvEOTXcgr8+yY4dr434bs+/eEY87nM+iMUX/efP5FrWPxG+FXeqb651JQWZauSm+XmAOJJ+JZ4ptEYGA58Zgg1aI54+OVN8VK0mceVdXL/5CzKuvT601T8Y5n26kOqgPkjkiNzMMFuth1yh+SJwO1yiyKEjGoo6JKxPRrzOF9hr5wVnbh8EwcTRIQAj44d4xySu77cAzDJCEJMim61mTDcFQS4hJGCmFJogTkoSLyX3odJ24KbOQ3mDZ+yl+yXLRcFP3SLxFgUVgkRgglZgYa+JNsKpkvnovno0bUgwklg2ZK8FkimQHTe0ifIuae/JFifs71jbYaMyzOI3MH5golXHrgUCZIhCN0EOsqoz8RRq/Urak7RmGllQkr5ffPtm2zRBvTjROMZvGGs68YQ68mIj1C0+vp10QEBjRX3WWIHRiHD3YceTxAfP4yljBUCOMi66hwleE+Zpk6fLu8kyFBe0b58z+X08uq6YrRYaMr6DVN7r+4KR91AtFXDZD87IvFskvRDbJ+CILiCI6IOzzvLMRmYFIpNl+2KBddJJsvS80At8tkrQV2Ducms1Xrwyq6RJlAkB/ZoU3UebTbTxNBqC/yeYBf3sv/U8Swk7hYR3TRYfcV/8kXiI5gRJfTikpygCWHP4yLNjmtQsIGq93TiO1TnlJPtw0numwOzrk1cag9F2LKBBQWBVyIBDIggzQwxBGEX+cDf4JgTixWgxjgTywBzTzH2liZWFBuvQbb+WhdkDUQmUDOF3opSFDtdNOE3KnTScqcg71zmDnewc4yiQ5xyAna7awWQJRXOJ+cgARag3TRcpfumsCDiKWcjU1gyIW3GGYVft7a0PSt90j5SWCzbeLn27v28pY1NkyH284cKulSnCo5dMaG6zDbGgu/t8s+n99ks4Eb5Ue83zY1WMvnr3IyzK2FJAisB1PocoEHmYR6Ae1skrD3DwrDHUK6bkM0jWiCYSEc5I/QsN7GTURQZNSo1TavCuXUgQgKB4o4Pxhly2AUGT4cohEaGr45AUSZ4k0mCRSvJnADaNJYFmFIegCCfTSIwMP9HYVxahi914++fD9cQl9wSB15QdZkKkCH3mKr7MsTsXPeOotTlYH32hSynv1N95y1wXEOy3UWyZYeBIJDN4JvZGTYibGEfZ9+LHeDG5uWFh7b6jJmGOz6WEMAG+xlH6enRxKazJ02VnXoOTnkN0M8CztanGAmsK0/F3JuFO3lbaMXkUZSfE5MsgfaCKmB9IWuF5EGKQF+tbrkBWcL5C5FykR5dAX/eVnE3OZohOUm9eUmztE4CzSbqyfLJ4Pm1wqZMhM/cwY3hpqUsgiZMgs/exanFAsopUxUZkL/eycVxlBjt7RpAXh3+IzfmdP2maUxqM8ce7fXUH+OBYcA47S+c1EAgGz6QOkRvX62TedEwC9tFKWFA0DCV8tGrVSAusXjNJC18x//oURx/8vjwT8ciaCPiiuz2mbXzm6b2H513Lx6QagLcvl9B1wAuL7zc0H+e0DUwMCabaNsPekCqU4kPaE6WgfiUfFN8W7xzbY9xA2iU/RYnGlSCYR8zP0eNVrsXV2OyN52HHCnd8yWYuqSkzOlM05en4GBFiZUpIobfugHp4Vo2/BqWwHv8YRGeULdUXJx6Mb8a4preXnXJADtxAqSLTElMUHJqfJOjpb00NJPZ14/+enpzQ1dr1OyRgfvz+QvhVwOuRHyS7NCr+x27aikMtJindWgjBuZ9Z2gLYmk1XQDraL3iXbQO+huurvWbgc9+gTeTb/KTBZt3iweg/uqhQKfaP61BPqyayrzo4l0q8kab4RhdnnXNK0yUzpp9n2Vkmwxgc/onkrvC89e/thiaYSU+aYihYAAb9LwmjApidnK6D/A5TPcUG4WffsVT7+3MU4b8CTilxXc3Mi4x9qItdsBf+fb5yLvPeYY9/SW9U5FbIXfwS2dmyFmIrNxX+Ya+oAJzYrJD3zJPDOiD3K9xAOyYZiLJobYhhRzj0QPlFnF7VfFoLR4XWLhridAWYUbxq6qDZlXWVMAFs1LGWOc4+hfNYITGVPGJNX+aTPmJ8IQBAMIhiH0RwEEKAiCIUDN/osVDMBbHYSKdQDauJFBUBTCk+IPtD5vrD95hNiZzQBEAS6lcmwU/bzdGeU2K+5xGUdIxO+4t7nz14rJoQvE+EuNnBOtjfBWAk7euhyXhUhCZPjyyHsNz64netZwL9J5FrCZRJwzUhBOb/OaxkHH3t7dfcekcx3rt+vzuX13UdAi+9uNNxiU1wwalQFr1EParwPt9RrI76/dGsGrS6M5TfcNJHpn3Py5G+govASJHsc4qVP6WYw9ioYhmplvEqDCSHDRvxNMWEgrakwrHT8MxO6vqsFZMhIdixN28UWCaXyoGKqy51IsKRNJbF5MRRBDkRO3oyiaRoBPluhLQvzgteN08svRq+d106JgLpZOZnkU/xSH//k/r1G/wfoQI4f0BE9Xpmo7EQGL9L26sF9k2qZ5/xdibK2h9Ivrgye35r0XwO4t3tFcUnZcttNX7ytl0/IG57lqSpZ6SgMWngoAu7vTFz0tbe3SHLqzO1yAOssJQtaX2DDIEK3VeSHMVrI+RKWRSlieDba0llorEZsDeJoWTgAvSbISabMnyW3YqKMz6/3YJqd0OzgI3uAkH1cPgOcVSgySqROr2oy6JqklW79fLOiF89FtHZThYR88oEKRwq1lMA/3dvU8X6zFYsscVIMzqteU5GGdtF/aH66e4V3Q4LLmg+PSg0ob2/yGZF3sf1mCsi7RynkCbmEbuU6ympjo9/+Dq5qtXuZ5GnLZxC2gWowLiZf/e7Gfpsep2lX2ev4rK9k7q/+lyzR+8bgUf02NuFadVkNmdEnbq5OaSln7w1wmHfCFYPkiHfclX7Xt+jKyXPM/Xu6Kty1tFjsMhxaDUWAtRnjEM+6ZOiHv0pIfd53i/92QfeZNhrscP4IxVGOIJYETJAIFxn/icW6P0ebXAVLCQx8FB03CuX16BD8+KyGA5ipEsDJAIqsyd3AAl0SidEwJDgH/BE7pEod9LhMEuUeCS+mToPiTu8hn2uNFEBywZbT4sdsuu0vKzNvVTvujm+vtVLLjVZ9TUhxaeOdgQFnln98kMxc11Qb0p0YRWZxBTXY0wNJomPGbpOV1ogLhzmnrn4xBjHjmFr2TvSORe6MLGXlJOogQE5mHnlzj5OwZmCisOJJkvuhrqhJRmVKxes6bDAPh0tq7xGhzXhywmKJaezwVozK7Ho78iSrlwAFBvHL8jIAEAgU+aDAQQAg2ipM0y4uyqpu20+31B8PReDKdzRfL1Xqz3e0Px9P5cr25vXvw8NHjJ0+fOV1uT2JSckpqWuivouOHKRseV3LnrMDH5kbwa+oWL1wS9k2clgk7OiVwVAAnsIPxAbj94tW423T5dEkcxvQgoAiGLbFJAlTMZvaOISzMuoYkIaswgZRECGmDfeV1ajJ8DBgOC+BerNVgWLjWBaSj1CUzzKeDQmjbA6BgYL0qUbtjCH05JvknDFMEDNJdBrTBv2DVa4S8FLThxPkgjfClsWBOGIzU7jAPzT9Lz9YyIOAQak8hYAZoYRpwNAVZMnftQDXo1yGLusILlV1jUoQk5ggqxKOF19Jbn22gXY74weYhQWv5dZwjjAt1XyRIguTkf6GEAr5gyqgHMYrEbMNrLW6hkcMWsAShQh9x8swmicDZMGbmY8IkP2AKFSCPBREnMyY7VjRwoAQZDH7ykoKjqyFAUuI+080kfiFauhrk48ogL4k6J9qy7Fna6jpCLh6J7/nkZi3TkCIET2LuVSzv7Z0umoKHzQxGVhQ=) format("woff2")}.social-logo{display:inline-block;font-family:social-logos;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:1;vertical-align:middle;speak:none;text-decoration:inherit;text-rendering:auto;text-transform:none;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}amp-social-share, .amp-social-share { color: #fff; border-radius: 50%; position: relative; line-height: 1; width: 32px; height: 32px; margin: 0 5px 5px 0; vertical-align: middle; } amp-social-share::before, .amp-social-share::before { display: inline-block; font: 400 18px/1 social-logos; padding: 7px; position: relative; top: 1px; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; } .amp-social-share.print { background: #e9e9e9; font-size: 0; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border: none; padding: 0; } .amp-social-share.print::before { content: "\f469"; color: #656565; } amp-social-share[type="email"] { background: #e9e9e9; color: #656565; } amp-social-share[type="email"]::before { content: "\f410"; } amp-social-share[type="tumblr"] { background: #2c4762; } amp-social-share[type="tumblr"]::before { content: "\f607"; } amp-social-share[type="facebook"] { background: #0866ff; } amp-social-share[type="facebook"]::before { content: "\f203"; } amp-social-share[type="twitter"] { background: #000; } amp-social-share[type="twitter"]::before { content: "\f10e"; } amp-social-share[type="pinterest"] { background: #ca1f27; } amp-social-share[type="pinterest"]::before { content: "\f210"; } amp-social-share[type="telegram"] { background: #08c; } amp-social-share[type="telegram"]::before { content: "\f606"; } amp-social-share[type="linkedin"] { background: #0077b5; } amp-social-share[type="linkedin"]::before { content: "\f207"; } amp-social-share[type="reddit"] { background: #cee3f8; color: #555; } amp-social-share[type="reddit"]::before { content: "\f222"; } amp-social-share[type="whatsapp"] { background: #43d854; } amp-social-share[type="whatsapp"]::before { content: "\f608"; } a.heateor_sss_amp{padding:0 4px;}div.heateor_sss_horizontal_sharing a amp-img{display:inline-block;}.heateor_sss_amp_gab img{background-color:#25CC80}.heateor_sss_amp_parler img{background-color:#892E5E}.heateor_sss_amp_gettr img{background-color:#E50000}.heateor_sss_amp_instagram img{background-color:#624E47}.heateor_sss_amp_yummly img{background-color:#E16120}.heateor_sss_amp_youtube img{background-color:#ff0000}.heateor_sss_amp_teams img{background-color:#5059c9}.heateor_sss_amp_google_translate img{background-color:#528ff5}.heateor_sss_amp_x img{background-color:#2a2a2a}.heateor_sss_amp_rutube img{background-color:#14191f}.heateor_sss_amp_buffer img{background-color:#000}.heateor_sss_amp_delicious img{background-color:#53BEEE}.heateor_sss_amp_rss img{background-color:#e3702d}.heateor_sss_amp_facebook img{background-color:#0765FE}.heateor_sss_amp_perplexity img{background-color:#165962}.heateor_sss_amp_claude img{background-color:#D97757}.heateor_sss_amp_google_ai img{background-color:#000}.heateor_sss_amp_grok img{background-color:#000}.heateor_sss_amp_chatgpt img{background-color:#000}.heateor_sss_amp_digg img{background-color:#006094}.heateor_sss_amp_email img{background-color:#649A3F}.heateor_sss_amp_float_it img{background-color:#53BEEE}.heateor_sss_amp_linkedin img{background-color:#0077B5}.heateor_sss_amp_pinterest img{background-color:#CC2329}.heateor_sss_amp_print img{background-color:#FD6500}.heateor_sss_amp_reddit img{background-color:#FF5700}.heateor_sss_amp_mastodon img{background-color:#6364FF}.heateor_sss_amp_stocktwits img{background-color: #40576F}.heateor_sss_amp_mewe img{background-color:#007da1}.heateor_sss_amp_mix img{background-color:#ff8226}.heateor_sss_amp_tumblr img{background-color:#29435D}.heateor_sss_amp_twitter img{background-color:#55acee}.heateor_sss_amp_vkontakte img{background-color:#0077FF}.heateor_sss_amp_yahoo img{background-color:#8F03CC}.heateor_sss_amp_xing img{background-color:#00797D}.heateor_sss_amp_instagram img{background-color:#527FA4}.heateor_sss_amp_whatsapp img{background-color:#55EB4C}.heateor_sss_amp_aim img{background-color: #10ff00}.heateor_sss_amp_amazon_wish_list img{background-color: #ffe000}.heateor_sss_amp_aol_mail img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_app_net img{background-color: #5D5D5D}.heateor_sss_amp_balatarin img{background-color: #fff}.heateor_sss_amp_bibsonomy img{background-color: #000}.heateor_sss_amp_bitty_browser img{background-color: #EFEFEF}.heateor_sss_amp_blinklist img{background-color: #3D3C3B}.heateor_sss_amp_blogger_post img{background-color: #FDA352}.heateor_sss_amp_blogmarks img{background-color: #535353}.heateor_sss_amp_bookmarks_fr img{background-color: #E8EAD4}.heateor_sss_amp_box_net img{background-color: #1A74B0}.heateor_sss_amp_buddymarks img{background-color: #ffd400}.heateor_sss_amp_care2_news img{background-color: #6EB43F}.heateor_sss_amp_comment img{background-color: #444}.heateor_sss_amp_diary_ru img{background-color: #E8D8C6}.heateor_sss_amp_diaspora img{background-color: #2E3436}.heateor_sss_amp_dihitt img{background-color: #FF6300}.heateor_sss_amp_diigo img{background-color: #4A8BCA}.heateor_sss_amp_douban img{background-color: #497700}.heateor_sss_amp_draugiem img{background-color: #ffad66}.heateor_sss_amp_evernote img{background-color: #8BE056}.heateor_sss_amp_facebook_messenger img{background-color: #0084FF}.heateor_sss_amp_fark img{background-color: #555}.heateor_sss_amp_fintel img{background-color: #087515}.heateor_sss_amp_flipboard img{background-color: #CC0000}.heateor_sss_amp_folkd img{background-color: #0F70B2}.heateor_sss_amp_google_news img{background-color: #4285F4}.heateor_sss_amp_google_classroom img{background-color: #FFC112}.heateor_sss_amp_google_gmail img{background-color: #E5E5E5}.heateor_sss_amp_hacker_news img{background-color: #F60}.heateor_sss_amp_hatena img{background-color: #00A6DB}.heateor_sss_amp_instapaper img{background-color: #EDEDED}.heateor_sss_amp_jamespot img{background-color: #FF9E2C}.heateor_sss_amp_kakao img{background-color: #FCB700}.heateor_sss_amp_kik img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_kindle_it img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_known img{background-color: #fff101}.heateor_sss_amp_line img{background-color: #00C300}.heateor_sss_amp_livejournal img{background-color: #EDEDED}.heateor_sss_amp_mail_ru img{background-color: #356FAC}.heateor_sss_amp_mendeley img{background-color: #A70805}.heateor_sss_amp_meneame img{background-color: #FF7D12}.heateor_sss_amp_mixi img{background-color: #EDEDED}.heateor_sss_amp_myspace img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_netlog img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_netvouz img{background-color: #c0ff00}.heateor_sss_amp_newsvine img{background-color: #055D00}.heateor_sss_amp_nujij img{background-color: #D40000}.heateor_sss_amp_odnoklassniki img{background-color: #F2720C}.heateor_sss_amp_oknotizie img{background-color: #fdff88}.heateor_sss_amp_outlook_com img{background-color: #0072C6}.heateor_sss_amp_papaly img{background-color: #3AC0F6}.heateor_sss_amp_pinboard img{background-color: #1341DE}.heateor_sss_amp_plurk img{background-color: #CF682F}.heateor_sss_amp_pocket img{background-color: #ee4056}.heateor_sss_amp_polyvore img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_printfriendly img{background-color: #61D1D5}.heateor_sss_amp_protopage_bookmarks img{background-color: #413FFF}.heateor_sss_amp_pusha img{background-color: #0072B8}.heateor_sss_amp_qzone img{background-color: #2B82D9}.heateor_sss_amp_refind img{background-color: #1492ef}.heateor_sss_amp_rediff_mypage img{background-color: #D20000}.heateor_sss_amp_renren img{background-color: #005EAC}.heateor_sss_amp_segnalo img{background-color: #fdff88}.heateor_sss_amp_sina_weibo img{background-color: #ff0}.heateor_sss_amp_sitejot img{background-color: #ffc800}.heateor_sss_amp_skype img{background-color: #00AFF0}.heateor_sss_amp_sms img{background-color: #6ebe45}.heateor_sss_amp_slashdot img{background-color: #004242}.heateor_sss_amp_stumpedia img{background-color: #EDEDED}.heateor_sss_amp_svejo img{background-color: #fa7aa3}.heateor_sss_amp_symbaloo_feeds img{background-color: #6DA8F7}.heateor_sss_amp_telegram img{background-color: #3DA5f1}.heateor_sss_amp_trello img{background-color: #1189CE}.heateor_sss_amp_tuenti img{background-color: #0075C9}.heateor_sss_amp_twiddla img{background-color: #EDEDED}.heateor_sss_amp_typepad_post img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_viadeo img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_viber img{background-color: #8B628F}.heateor_sss_amp_wordpress img{background-color: #464646}.heateor_sss_amp_wykop img{background-color: #367DA9}.heateor_sss_amp_yahoo_mail img{background-color: #400090}.heateor_sss_amp_yahoo_messenger img{background-color: #400090}.heateor_sss_amp_youmob img{background-color: #3B599D}.heateor_sss_amp_gentlereader img{background-color: #46aecf}.heateor_sss_amp_threema img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_bluesky img{background-color:#0085ff}.heateor_sss_amp_threads img{background-color:#000}.heateor_sss_amp_raindrop img{background-color:#0b7ed0}.heateor_sss_amp_micro_blog img{background-color:#ff8800}.heateor_sss_amp amp-img{border-radius:999px;}/** * Jetpack related posts */ /** * The Gutenberg block */ .jp-related-posts-i2 { margin-top: 1.5rem; } .jp-related-posts-i2__list { --hgap: 1rem; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: var(--hgap); row-gap: 2rem; margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style-type: none; } .jp-related-posts-i2__post { display: flex; flex-direction: column; /* Default: 2 items by row */ flex-basis: calc(( 100% - var(--hgap) ) / 2); } /* Quantity qeuries: see https://alistapart.com/article/quantity-queries-for-css/ */ .jp-related-posts-i2__post:nth-last-child(n+3):first-child, .jp-related-posts-i2__post:nth-last-child(n+3):first-child ~ * { /* From 3 total items on, 3 items by row */ flex-basis: calc(( 100% - var(--hgap) * 2 ) / 3); } .jp-related-posts-i2__post:nth-last-child(4):first-child, .jp-related-posts-i2__post:nth-last-child(4):first-child ~ * { /* Exception for 4 total items: 2 items by row */ flex-basis: calc(( 100% - var(--hgap) ) / 2); } .jp-related-posts-i2__post-link { display: flex; flex-direction: column; row-gap: 0.5rem; width: 100%; margin-bottom: 1rem; line-height: 1.2; } .jp-related-posts-i2__post-link:focus-visible { outline-offset: 2px; } .jp-related-posts-i2__post-img { order: -1; max-width: 100%; } .jp-related-posts-i2__post-defs { margin: 0; list-style-type: unset; } /* Hide, except from screen readers */ .jp-related-posts-i2__post-defs dt { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; clip-path: inset(50%); white-space: nowrap; } .jp-related-posts-i2__post-defs dd { margin: 0; } /* List view */ .jp-relatedposts-i2[data-layout="list"] .jp-related-posts-i2__list { display: block; } .jp-relatedposts-i2[data-layout="list"] .jp-related-posts-i2__post { margin-bottom: 2rem; } /* Breakpoints */ @media only screen and (max-width: 640px) { .jp-related-posts-i2__list { display: block; } .jp-related-posts-i2__post { margin-bottom: 2rem; } } /* Container */ #jp-relatedposts { display: none; padding-top: 1em; margin: 1em 0; position: relative; clear: both; } .jp-relatedposts::after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } /* Headline above related posts section, labeled "Related" */ #jp-relatedposts h3.jp-relatedposts-headline { margin: 0 0 1em 0; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700; font-family: inherit; } #jp-relatedposts h3.jp-relatedposts-headline em::before { content: ""; display: block; width: 100%; min-width: 30px; border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); margin-bottom: 1em; } #jp-relatedposts h3.jp-relatedposts-headline em { font-style: normal; font-weight: 700; } /* Related posts items (wrapping items) */ #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items { clear: left; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual { margin-right: -20px; } /* Related posts item */ #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post { float: left; width: 33%; margin: 0 0 1em; /* Needs to be same as the main outer wrapper for Related Posts */ box-sizing: border-box; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post { padding-right: 20px; filter: alpha(opacity=80); -moz-opacity: 0.8; opacity: 0.8; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post:nth-child(3n+4), #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post:nth-child(3n+4) { clear: both; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post:hover .jp-relatedposts-post-title a { text-decoration: underline; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post:hover { filter: alpha(opacity=100); -moz-opacity: 1; opacity: 1; } /* Related posts item content */ #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual h4.jp-relatedposts-post-title, #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items p, #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items time { font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin: 0; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post-nothumbs { position: relative; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post-nothumbs a.jp-relatedposts-post-aoverlay { position: absolute; top: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; display: block; border-bottom: 0; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items p, #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items time { margin-bottom: 0; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual h4.jp-relatedposts-post-title { text-transform: none; margin: 0; font-family: inherit; display: block; max-width: 100%; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post .jp-relatedposts-post-title a { font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; filter: alpha(opacity=100); -moz-opacity: 1; opacity: 1; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post .jp-relatedposts-post-title a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post img.jp-relatedposts-post-img, #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post span { display: block; max-width: 90%; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post img.jp-relatedposts-post-img, #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post span { height: auto; max-width: 100%; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post .jp-relatedposts-post-date, #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post .jp-relatedposts-post-context { opacity: 0.6; } /* Hide the date by default, but leave the element there if * a theme wants to use css to make it visible. */ .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post .jp-relatedposts-post-date { display: none; } /* Behavior when there are thumbnails in visual mode */ #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual div.jp-relatedposts-post-thumbs p.jp-relatedposts-post-excerpt { display: none; } /* Behavior when there are no thumbnails in visual mode */ #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post-nothumbs p.jp-relatedposts-post-excerpt { overflow: hidden; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post-nothumbs span { margin-bottom: 1em; } /* List Layout */ #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-list .jp-relatedposts-post { clear: both; width: 100%; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-list .jp-relatedposts-post img.jp-relatedposts-post-img { float: left; overflow: hidden; max-width: 33%; margin-right: 3%; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-list h4.jp-relatedposts-post-title { display: inline-block; max-width: 63%; } /* * Responsive */ @media only screen and (max-width: 640px) { #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post { width: 50%; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post:nth-child(3n) { clear: left; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual { margin-right: 20px; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 320px) { #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post { width: 100%; clear: both; margin: 0 0 1em; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-list .jp-relatedposts-post img.jp-relatedposts-post-img, #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-list h4.jp-relatedposts-post-title { float: none; max-width: 100%; margin-right: 0; } } /* * Hide the related post section in the print view of a post */ @media print { .jp-relatedposts { display: none !important; } } .wp-block-jetpack-rating-star span.screen-reader-text { border: 0; clip-path: inset(50%); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; word-wrap: normal; }

Site icon My Dog's Symptoms

Really Angry Vet on Seizures: Winston’s First Seizure

Dog Conditions - Real-Life Stories: Winston's First Seizure

A wonderful client of mine brought her 12-year-old Boxer to see me.  

Last night, Winston had his first seizure. Because it was after hours, the owners found themselves at a local 24-hour veterinary facility. They came in today to discuss what had happened last night. They wanted me to examine their dog and get my opinion about the next step to take.

Seizures and age

I typically subdivide my seizure dogs into one of three categories based on age.  

Puppies

A three-month-old puppy, for example, that starts having seizures typically has a congenital malformation such as (liver shunt, hydrocephalus, etc.

Middle-aged dogs

A middle-aged dog, let’s say 3 to 5 years old, who begins having seizures is typically your epileptic patient.

Epileptic dogs get seizures with no identifiable cause other than genetics. We all have a seizure threshold, an accumulation of neuronal stimulation where the brain will have seizure activity.

Epileptics have a lower threshold and thus seize more readily.

Senior dogs

Unfortunately, the third category, the one poor Winston fell into, is the older patient that begins to seize.

This, unfortunately, is usually due to an intracranial lesion ( a lesion like a tumor in and invading or surrounding and compressing the brain). 

As an added clue, Boxers are notorious for developing cancer ANYWHERE.  Of course, the outlying infectious disease can infect an animal of any age and cause seizures. However, let’s dismiss them for the moment as they are certainly rare.

Winston’s case

I am giving you this background is to provide a perspective on the “treatments” Winston received at the emergency hospital.

They ran some baseline tests (appropriate) and some other tests (that were aggressive). They did that without discussing options with the owner. The words MRI, neurology consult, cancer, or guarded or poor prognosis was never mentioned).

Then they proceeded to dispense Amoxicillin to treat possible pancreatitis. Yet, the dog demonstrated no signs of pancreatitis, and Amoxicillin would not be the treatment if he had).  They gave the dog multiple pain medications (notice I didn’t say anti-seizure medications or sedatives but pain meds).

It gets worse

Then the kicker. They VACCINATED the dog!

To the unfortunate and unknowing pet owner, the illusion of care and compassion was provided; to the knowing and discriminating veterinarian, this is criminal.

Treatments (some unnecessary and some downright dangerous) and tests were performed to pad the client’s bill.  The client received no education and no options.

They simply were gouged then “shipped”.

Angry vet

I never intended to be a whistle-blower or to bad-mouth veterinarians.  Today, in this post, I will skip the obligatory qualification that most vets are good, honest, and educated people.  Today, I am angry.  Really.

Dishonesty and price gouging are not unique to veterinarians by any means.

If someone goes to any professional to seek advice on something with which they are not educated or familiar, they run the risk of encountering a dishonest person.  I am not well-versed at all with construction or auto mechanics and have definitely been taken for a ride or two over the years.

Am I angry with humanity?  Why do we do this to each other?  Is money that important?  Is it too difficult to take pride in an honest day’s work and to receive an honest day’s pay?  Do the pressures of making money and surviving the stress and pace of life cause some of us to forget ethics and decency?

Am I angry with veterinarians in particular?  Should we be held up to a higher standard?  Did we not take an oath that includes the words “Primum non nocere” or “First do no harm?”  Do we have an unwritten code amongst veterinarians not to blow the whistle on another veterinarian when they are acting unethically? Or is it our responsibility to the client who may not understand what is being done to them to do just that?

Once again, as I often state, I don’t have all of the answers. 

I just wish I had a better story of humanity to share.

Related articles:
Seeking a Second Opinion for Your Dog
Seizures or Convulsions in Dogs: What Can Seizures Look Like and What Can Cause Them?

Further reading:
Seizures in Dogs

Exit mobile version