@font-face{font-family:social-logos;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(data:font/woff2;base64,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) format("woff2")}.social-logo{display:inline-block;font-family:social-logos;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:1;vertical-align:middle;speak:none;text-decoration:inherit;text-rendering:auto;text-transform:none;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}amp-social-share, .amp-social-share { color: #fff; border-radius: 50%; position: relative; line-height: 1; width: 32px; height: 32px; margin: 0 5px 5px 0; vertical-align: middle; } amp-social-share::before, .amp-social-share::before { display: inline-block; font: 400 18px/1 social-logos; padding: 7px; position: relative; top: 1px; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; } .amp-social-share.print { background: #e9e9e9; font-size: 0; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border: none; padding: 0; } .amp-social-share.print::before { content: "\f469"; color: #656565; } amp-social-share[type="email"] { background: #e9e9e9; color: #656565; } amp-social-share[type="email"]::before { content: "\f410"; } amp-social-share[type="tumblr"] { background: #2c4762; } amp-social-share[type="tumblr"]::before { content: "\f607"; } amp-social-share[type="facebook"] { background: #0866ff; } amp-social-share[type="facebook"]::before { content: "\f203"; } amp-social-share[type="twitter"] { background: #000; } amp-social-share[type="twitter"]::before { content: "\f10e"; } amp-social-share[type="pinterest"] { background: #ca1f27; } amp-social-share[type="pinterest"]::before { content: "\f210"; } amp-social-share[type="telegram"] { background: #08c; } amp-social-share[type="telegram"]::before { content: "\f606"; } amp-social-share[type="linkedin"] { background: #0077b5; } amp-social-share[type="linkedin"]::before { content: "\f207"; } amp-social-share[type="reddit"] { background: #cee3f8; color: #555; } amp-social-share[type="reddit"]::before { content: "\f222"; } amp-social-share[type="whatsapp"] { background: #43d854; } amp-social-share[type="whatsapp"]::before { content: "\f608"; } a.heateor_sss_amp{padding:0 4px;}div.heateor_sss_horizontal_sharing a amp-img{display:inline-block;}.heateor_sss_amp_gab img{background-color:#25CC80}.heateor_sss_amp_parler img{background-color:#892E5E}.heateor_sss_amp_gettr img{background-color:#E50000}.heateor_sss_amp_instagram img{background-color:#624E47}.heateor_sss_amp_yummly img{background-color:#E16120}.heateor_sss_amp_youtube img{background-color:#ff0000}.heateor_sss_amp_teams img{background-color:#5059c9}.heateor_sss_amp_google_translate img{background-color:#528ff5}.heateor_sss_amp_x img{background-color:#2a2a2a}.heateor_sss_amp_rutube img{background-color:#14191f}.heateor_sss_amp_buffer img{background-color:#000}.heateor_sss_amp_delicious img{background-color:#53BEEE}.heateor_sss_amp_rss img{background-color:#e3702d}.heateor_sss_amp_facebook img{background-color:#0765FE}.heateor_sss_amp_perplexity img{background-color:#165962}.heateor_sss_amp_claude img{background-color:#D97757}.heateor_sss_amp_google_ai img{background-color:#000}.heateor_sss_amp_grok img{background-color:#000}.heateor_sss_amp_chatgpt img{background-color:#000}.heateor_sss_amp_digg img{background-color:#006094}.heateor_sss_amp_email img{background-color:#649A3F}.heateor_sss_amp_float_it img{background-color:#53BEEE}.heateor_sss_amp_linkedin img{background-color:#0077B5}.heateor_sss_amp_pinterest img{background-color:#CC2329}.heateor_sss_amp_print img{background-color:#FD6500}.heateor_sss_amp_reddit img{background-color:#FF5700}.heateor_sss_amp_mastodon img{background-color:#6364FF}.heateor_sss_amp_stocktwits img{background-color: #40576F}.heateor_sss_amp_mewe img{background-color:#007da1}.heateor_sss_amp_mix img{background-color:#ff8226}.heateor_sss_amp_tumblr img{background-color:#29435D}.heateor_sss_amp_twitter img{background-color:#55acee}.heateor_sss_amp_vkontakte img{background-color:#0077FF}.heateor_sss_amp_yahoo img{background-color:#8F03CC}.heateor_sss_amp_xing img{background-color:#00797D}.heateor_sss_amp_instagram img{background-color:#527FA4}.heateor_sss_amp_whatsapp img{background-color:#55EB4C}.heateor_sss_amp_aim img{background-color: #10ff00}.heateor_sss_amp_amazon_wish_list img{background-color: #ffe000}.heateor_sss_amp_aol_mail img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_app_net img{background-color: #5D5D5D}.heateor_sss_amp_balatarin img{background-color: #fff}.heateor_sss_amp_bibsonomy img{background-color: #000}.heateor_sss_amp_bitty_browser img{background-color: #EFEFEF}.heateor_sss_amp_blinklist img{background-color: #3D3C3B}.heateor_sss_amp_blogger_post img{background-color: #FDA352}.heateor_sss_amp_blogmarks img{background-color: #535353}.heateor_sss_amp_bookmarks_fr img{background-color: #E8EAD4}.heateor_sss_amp_box_net img{background-color: #1A74B0}.heateor_sss_amp_buddymarks img{background-color: #ffd400}.heateor_sss_amp_care2_news img{background-color: #6EB43F}.heateor_sss_amp_comment img{background-color: #444}.heateor_sss_amp_diary_ru img{background-color: #E8D8C6}.heateor_sss_amp_diaspora img{background-color: #2E3436}.heateor_sss_amp_dihitt img{background-color: #FF6300}.heateor_sss_amp_diigo img{background-color: #4A8BCA}.heateor_sss_amp_douban img{background-color: #497700}.heateor_sss_amp_draugiem img{background-color: #ffad66}.heateor_sss_amp_evernote img{background-color: #8BE056}.heateor_sss_amp_facebook_messenger img{background-color: #0084FF}.heateor_sss_amp_fark img{background-color: #555}.heateor_sss_amp_fintel img{background-color: #087515}.heateor_sss_amp_flipboard img{background-color: #CC0000}.heateor_sss_amp_folkd img{background-color: #0F70B2}.heateor_sss_amp_google_news img{background-color: #4285F4}.heateor_sss_amp_google_classroom img{background-color: #FFC112}.heateor_sss_amp_google_gmail img{background-color: #E5E5E5}.heateor_sss_amp_hacker_news img{background-color: #F60}.heateor_sss_amp_hatena img{background-color: #00A6DB}.heateor_sss_amp_instapaper img{background-color: #EDEDED}.heateor_sss_amp_jamespot img{background-color: #FF9E2C}.heateor_sss_amp_kakao img{background-color: #FCB700}.heateor_sss_amp_kik img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_kindle_it img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_known img{background-color: #fff101}.heateor_sss_amp_line img{background-color: #00C300}.heateor_sss_amp_livejournal img{background-color: #EDEDED}.heateor_sss_amp_mail_ru img{background-color: #356FAC}.heateor_sss_amp_mendeley img{background-color: #A70805}.heateor_sss_amp_meneame img{background-color: #FF7D12}.heateor_sss_amp_mixi img{background-color: #EDEDED}.heateor_sss_amp_myspace img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_netlog img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_netvouz img{background-color: #c0ff00}.heateor_sss_amp_newsvine img{background-color: #055D00}.heateor_sss_amp_nujij img{background-color: #D40000}.heateor_sss_amp_odnoklassniki img{background-color: #F2720C}.heateor_sss_amp_oknotizie img{background-color: #fdff88}.heateor_sss_amp_outlook_com img{background-color: #0072C6}.heateor_sss_amp_papaly img{background-color: #3AC0F6}.heateor_sss_amp_pinboard img{background-color: #1341DE}.heateor_sss_amp_plurk img{background-color: #CF682F}.heateor_sss_amp_pocket img{background-color: #ee4056}.heateor_sss_amp_polyvore img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_printfriendly img{background-color: #61D1D5}.heateor_sss_amp_protopage_bookmarks img{background-color: #413FFF}.heateor_sss_amp_pusha img{background-color: #0072B8}.heateor_sss_amp_qzone img{background-color: #2B82D9}.heateor_sss_amp_refind img{background-color: #1492ef}.heateor_sss_amp_rediff_mypage img{background-color: #D20000}.heateor_sss_amp_renren img{background-color: #005EAC}.heateor_sss_amp_segnalo img{background-color: #fdff88}.heateor_sss_amp_sina_weibo img{background-color: #ff0}.heateor_sss_amp_sitejot img{background-color: #ffc800}.heateor_sss_amp_skype img{background-color: #00AFF0}.heateor_sss_amp_sms img{background-color: #6ebe45}.heateor_sss_amp_slashdot img{background-color: #004242}.heateor_sss_amp_stumpedia img{background-color: #EDEDED}.heateor_sss_amp_svejo img{background-color: #fa7aa3}.heateor_sss_amp_symbaloo_feeds img{background-color: #6DA8F7}.heateor_sss_amp_telegram img{background-color: #3DA5f1}.heateor_sss_amp_trello img{background-color: #1189CE}.heateor_sss_amp_tuenti img{background-color: #0075C9}.heateor_sss_amp_twiddla img{background-color: #EDEDED}.heateor_sss_amp_typepad_post img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_viadeo img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_viber img{background-color: #8B628F}.heateor_sss_amp_wordpress img{background-color: #464646}.heateor_sss_amp_wykop img{background-color: #367DA9}.heateor_sss_amp_yahoo_mail img{background-color: #400090}.heateor_sss_amp_yahoo_messenger img{background-color: #400090}.heateor_sss_amp_youmob img{background-color: #3B599D}.heateor_sss_amp_gentlereader img{background-color: #46aecf}.heateor_sss_amp_threema img{background-color: #2A2A2A}.heateor_sss_amp_bluesky img{background-color:#0085ff}.heateor_sss_amp_threads img{background-color:#000}.heateor_sss_amp_raindrop img{background-color:#0b7ed0}.heateor_sss_amp_micro_blog img{background-color:#ff8800}.heateor_sss_amp amp-img{border-radius:999px;}/** * Jetpack related posts */ /** * The Gutenberg block */ .jp-related-posts-i2 { margin-top: 1.5rem; } .jp-related-posts-i2__list { --hgap: 1rem; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: var(--hgap); row-gap: 2rem; margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style-type: none; } .jp-related-posts-i2__post { display: flex; flex-direction: column; /* Default: 2 items by row */ flex-basis: calc(( 100% - var(--hgap) ) / 2); } /* Quantity qeuries: see https://alistapart.com/article/quantity-queries-for-css/ */ .jp-related-posts-i2__post:nth-last-child(n+3):first-child, .jp-related-posts-i2__post:nth-last-child(n+3):first-child ~ * { /* From 3 total items on, 3 items by row */ flex-basis: calc(( 100% - var(--hgap) * 2 ) / 3); } .jp-related-posts-i2__post:nth-last-child(4):first-child, .jp-related-posts-i2__post:nth-last-child(4):first-child ~ * { /* Exception for 4 total items: 2 items by row */ flex-basis: calc(( 100% - var(--hgap) ) / 2); } .jp-related-posts-i2__post-link { display: flex; flex-direction: column; row-gap: 0.5rem; width: 100%; margin-bottom: 1rem; line-height: 1.2; } .jp-related-posts-i2__post-link:focus-visible { outline-offset: 2px; } .jp-related-posts-i2__post-img { order: -1; max-width: 100%; } .jp-related-posts-i2__post-defs { margin: 0; list-style-type: unset; } /* Hide, except from screen readers */ .jp-related-posts-i2__post-defs dt { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; clip-path: inset(50%); white-space: nowrap; } .jp-related-posts-i2__post-defs dd { margin: 0; } /* List view */ .jp-relatedposts-i2[data-layout="list"] .jp-related-posts-i2__list { display: block; } .jp-relatedposts-i2[data-layout="list"] .jp-related-posts-i2__post { margin-bottom: 2rem; } /* Breakpoints */ @media only screen and (max-width: 640px) { .jp-related-posts-i2__list { display: block; } .jp-related-posts-i2__post { margin-bottom: 2rem; } } /* Container */ #jp-relatedposts { display: none; padding-top: 1em; margin: 1em 0; position: relative; clear: both; } .jp-relatedposts::after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } /* Headline above related posts section, labeled "Related" */ #jp-relatedposts h3.jp-relatedposts-headline { margin: 0 0 1em 0; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700; font-family: inherit; } #jp-relatedposts h3.jp-relatedposts-headline em::before { content: ""; display: block; width: 100%; min-width: 30px; border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); margin-bottom: 1em; } #jp-relatedposts h3.jp-relatedposts-headline em { font-style: normal; font-weight: 700; } /* Related posts items (wrapping items) */ #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items { clear: left; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual { margin-right: -20px; } /* Related posts item */ #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post { float: left; width: 33%; margin: 0 0 1em; /* Needs to be same as the main outer wrapper for Related Posts */ box-sizing: border-box; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post { padding-right: 20px; filter: alpha(opacity=80); -moz-opacity: 0.8; opacity: 0.8; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post:nth-child(3n+4), #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post:nth-child(3n+4) { clear: both; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post:hover .jp-relatedposts-post-title a { text-decoration: underline; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post:hover { filter: alpha(opacity=100); -moz-opacity: 1; opacity: 1; } /* Related posts item content */ #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual h4.jp-relatedposts-post-title, #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items p, #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items time { font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin: 0; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post-nothumbs { position: relative; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post-nothumbs a.jp-relatedposts-post-aoverlay { position: absolute; top: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; display: block; border-bottom: 0; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items p, #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items time { margin-bottom: 0; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual h4.jp-relatedposts-post-title { text-transform: none; margin: 0; font-family: inherit; display: block; max-width: 100%; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post .jp-relatedposts-post-title a { font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; filter: alpha(opacity=100); -moz-opacity: 1; opacity: 1; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post .jp-relatedposts-post-title a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post img.jp-relatedposts-post-img, #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post span { display: block; max-width: 90%; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post img.jp-relatedposts-post-img, #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post span { height: auto; max-width: 100%; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post .jp-relatedposts-post-date, #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post .jp-relatedposts-post-context { opacity: 0.6; } /* Hide the date by default, but leave the element there if * a theme wants to use css to make it visible. */ .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post .jp-relatedposts-post-date { display: none; } /* Behavior when there are thumbnails in visual mode */ #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual div.jp-relatedposts-post-thumbs p.jp-relatedposts-post-excerpt { display: none; } /* Behavior when there are no thumbnails in visual mode */ #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post-nothumbs p.jp-relatedposts-post-excerpt { overflow: hidden; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual .jp-relatedposts-post-nothumbs span { margin-bottom: 1em; } /* List Layout */ #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-list .jp-relatedposts-post { clear: both; width: 100%; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-list .jp-relatedposts-post img.jp-relatedposts-post-img { float: left; overflow: hidden; max-width: 33%; margin-right: 3%; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-list h4.jp-relatedposts-post-title { display: inline-block; max-width: 63%; } /* * Responsive */ @media only screen and (max-width: 640px) { #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post { width: 50%; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post:nth-child(3n) { clear: left; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items-visual { margin-right: 20px; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 320px) { #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-items .jp-relatedposts-post { width: 100%; clear: both; margin: 0 0 1em; } #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-list .jp-relatedposts-post img.jp-relatedposts-post-img, #jp-relatedposts .jp-relatedposts-list h4.jp-relatedposts-post-title { float: none; max-width: 100%; margin-right: 0; } } /* * Hide the related post section in the print view of a post */ @media print { .jp-relatedposts { display: none !important; } } .wp-block-jetpack-rating-star span.screen-reader-text { border: 0; clip-path: inset(50%); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; word-wrap: normal; }

Site icon My Dog's Symptoms

Natural Dog Tick Prevention: Changing Dog Tick Prevention Product but Staying Chemical-Free

Natural Dog Tick Prevention: Changing Dog Tick Prevention Product but Staying Chemical-Free

How can one evaluate whether their tick preventive is working?

You can have expectations about product efficacy based on scientific studies, personal belief, or the presence or absence of ticks on your dog. While all the other measures are great, the last one is the only one that matters.

The market is full of various tick-preventive products of all kinds. Some of them are officially endorsed, some come with anecdotal evidence, and some are outright dangerous.

First, do no harm

While I am concerned about tick-borne infections and my goal is keeping my dog pest-free, safety is my primary priority. Unfortunately, with our dogs’ history of adverse drug reactions, which include reaction to Canine Advantix, I don’t want a repeat of any such thing.

Of course, that is not to say that natural products are all harmless, especially if used improperly. Which is why I spend a good deal of time deciding on safe tick prevention for my dog.

Essential oils

Essential oils and blends are a popular solution. You can buy products that are ready to use or you can find an assortment of recipes.

In the past, we tried some of these things to repel mosquitoes. The best one kept them at bay for about 20 minutes before it needed to be re-applied. Therefore, that leaves me rather skeptical about their efficacy.

More importantly, though, my current dog, Cookie, cannot stand the strong smell. It doesn’t matter which blend it is—the strength of the fragrance drives her out of her mind. While it might or might not keep Cookie tick-free, it increases the risk of injury from the resulting zoomies.

Further reading: 4 Natural Flea & Tick Repellent Recipes For Your Dog

Tick tag

We used a tick tag for couple of years. Whether the tag did or did not do anything, I was happy:

Does the absence of tick on my dog during our use of the tag mean it worked? Maybe. Or maybe

The only way for me to evaluate the efficacy of the tag would be having two identical dogs doing identical things in identical places—one wearing the tag and the other not wearing one.

Interesting note

One of my primary concerns was the fact that moose in our area suffer with severe tick infestation. As I learned from our veterinarian, though, the ticks that target moose aren’t interested in dogs. Did you know that?

Either way, Cookie had no ticks and I was happy. Except the product became unavailable and I had to get back to the drawing board.

Further reading: Tick Prevention in Dogs Experiment: Ticked Off at the Tick Situation—Tick Tag Results Evaluation

Ultrasonic repeller

While we were happy with our results, we had to switch to something else. I came across a new product—an ultrasonic tick repeller. Can something like that work? The odds are it should be just as successful as the tag was.

What I like about this product:

Potential downside is that unlike the last tag that was weather-proof, this one cannot get too wet.

What is the theory behind it?

It emits a series of ultrasonic pulses that disrupt ticks’ and fleas’ senses and stops them from detecting humans and pets. It is non-toxic and does not use or release any chemical substances or odors.

tickless.ca

Does that mean that ticks use some sort of sonar to hone on their meal? Aren’t they supposed to smell it?

Apparently, the organ ticks use to find their host is a unique structure called Haller’s organs. According to literature, the Haller’s organs are olfactory sensors. Ticks can detect scent and the slightest movement of their target.

Can ultrasonic pulses interfere with the detection? According to the University of Camerino it can.

Do I buy it?

Maybe. I don’t know enough about it and couldn’t find a good source to learn more. However, I decided to try it and go from there. If we started finding ticks on Cookie, we’d have to revisit our measures.

Related articles:
Canine Tick-Borne Diseases: The Ticking Bomb
Tick Prevention in Dogs Experiment: Ticked Off at the Tick Situation—Tick Tag Results Evaluation
Tick Prevention for Dogs: What Do You Use for Tick Prevention?

Further reading:
Natural Home Remedies for Flea and Tick Control

Exit mobile version